According to international principles, the charging format of electric vehicles is divided into the following 4 modes according to device type:
Mode 1: Plug the charger directly into the car household socket (AC power supply) without any current control or leakage protection device. There is always electricity flowing in wires. This does not provide adequate security and this type of charging has been banned in many countries.
Mode 2: Plug the charger into a household power (AC) outlet in the car. There is a device for controlling the current entering the car and a device for preventing current leakage. The current power limit does not exceed 2.4 kW and the charging time is long. But it is safer than mode 1.
Mode 3 : This is where the car is plugged in and charged using an EV charger installed and specifically connected to the power source. There is a signal cable that communicates with the car's charging system. There are leakage protection devices and control units on the installed machines. The usable current is up to 32 A, both single-phase and three-phase, and can be used in the very popular BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle) and PHEV vehicles.
Mode 4: Connect to the car for DC charging (DC fast charging), which can charge at high speed. This charging method can be found at charging stations along highways. Unpopular at home because it is more expensive and can only be used in purely electric vehicles.
